An RNA-binding compound that stabilizes the HIV-1 gRNA packaging signal structure and specifically blocks HIV-1 RNA encapsidation. Ingemarsdotter CK, Zeng J, Long Z, Lever AML, Kenyon JC Retrovirology. 2018 Mar 14;15(1):25

Expression of Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase/Ganciclovir by RNA Trans-Splicing Induces Selective Killing of HIV-Producing Cells. Ingemarsdotter CK, Poddar S, Mercier S, Patzel V, Lever AML. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2017 Jun 16;7:140-154.

Evidence that the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-II (ESCRT-II) is required for efficient human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) production. Meng B, Ip NC, Prestwood LJ, Abbink TE, Lever AM. Retrovirology. 2015 Aug 14;12:72.

Identification of RNA helicases in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replication – a targeted small interfering RNA library screen using pseudotyped and WT HIV-1. Williams CA, Abbink TE, Jeang KT, Lever AM. J Gen Virol. 2015 Jun;96(Pt 6):1484-9

Functional characterization of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells in patients with end-stage renal failure. Zhao J, Bolton EM, Randle L, Bradley JA, Lever AM.  Transpl Int. 2014 May;27(5):437-51. doi: 10.1111

Targeting RNA-protein interactions within the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 lifecycle. Bell NM, L’Hernault A, Murat P, Richards JE, Lever AM, Balasubramanian S. Biochemistry. 2013 Dec 23;52(51):9269-74. doi: 10.1021

In-gel probing of individual RNA conformers within a mixed population reveals a dimerization structural switch in the HIV-1 leader. Kenyon JC, Prestwood LJ, Le Grice SF, Lever AM. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Oct;41(18):e174. doi: 10.1093

Three-dimensional RNA structure of the major HIV-1 packaging signal region. Stephenson JD, Li H, Kenyon JC, Symmons M, Klenerman D, Lever AM. Structure. 2013 Jun 4;21(6):951-62. doi: 10.1016

Kenyon JC, Tanner SJ, Legiewicz M, Phillip PS, Rizvi TA, Le Grice SFJ, Lever AM. SHAPE Analysis of the FIV Leader RNA reveals a structural switch potentially controlling Viral Packaging and Genome Dimerization Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 39(15):6692-704

Zhao J, Sinclair J, Houghton J, Bolton E, Bradley A, Lever A. Cytomegalovirus beta2.7 RNA transcript protects endothelial cells against apoptosis during ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2010; 29:342-5

L’Hernault, A., Greatorex J.S., Crowther, A., Lever, A.M.L. Dimerisation of HIV-2 genomic RNA is linked to efficient RNA packaging, normal particle maturation and viral infectivity. Retrovirology 2007; 4: 90

Groom, H.C., Anderson, E.C., Dangerfield, J.A., Lever, A.M. Rev regulates translation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNAs Journal of General Virology 2009: 90: 1141-1147

Kenyon, J.C., Ghazawi, A., Cheung, W.K.S., Phillip, P.S., Rizvi, T.A., Lever, A.M.L.  The secondary structure of the 5’ end of the FIV genome reveals a long-range interaction between R/U5 and gag sequences, and a large, stable stem-loop  RNA 2008; 14: 2597-2608

Mok, H-P., Javed, S., Lever, A.M.L. Stable gene expression occurs from a minority of integrated HIV-1 based vectors:  transcriptional silencing is present in the majority. Gene Therapy 2007; 14: 741-751